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Police Investigation-Rape
Prior to 1937, a woman or girl was not at all considered as a human being, but only as property. She was not at all vested with any right to have any property in her name. She was not treated equally with her male counterpart. If any offence, for example, rape is committed against a woman or girl, such a woman or girl is not deemed to be a victim of a crime; if she is not married, the victim is only the father, and if she is already married, the victim is only the husband.
Read MoreIt is sufficient if the offender pays compensation to the victim, i.e. the husband or the father of such a girl against whom the rape is committed. That was the pathetic situation prevailed in those days. After 1937, the woman was vested with a limited interest in holding any property, that means she can enjoy the property in any manner she likes during her lifetime, and after that, the property reverses back to the male heir. Only in 1956, the woman was vested with an equal property right as that of the male concerning self-earned property. In 1989, the Tamil Nadu government brought an amendment thereby a woman is vested with the equal property right, whether it happens to be the self-earned property or ancestral property. Moreover, it took more than 16 years for the Government of India to bring such an Act which is applicable all over India.
The offence of rape is the gravest intrusion into the privacy of a woman. Her body is holy Temple, and if anybody invades her body, that is going to be the gravest offence like that of a Murder. This book on “Police investigation - Rape” deals with the development of rape laws, the punishments provided in those days, and the necessity for bringing so many amendments concerning rape laws, especially after the Nirbhaya case in 2013 and Kathua rape case in 2018.
This book elaborately deals with receiving complaints from rape victim without violating her privacy and human rights, registration of cases under appropriate sections of the law, conducting an effective investigation by observing all the legal and latest scientific techniques for apprehending and connecting the accused with the crime and ensuring conviction with a time-bound investigation and trial. The checklist provided in this book and the landmark judgements declared by the various High Courts and Supreme Court will be of immense help to those who are connected with the enforcement of laws. This book will be a benchmark and more of a ‘Vade Mecum’ to all the Law enforcing authorities.
In Tamil - Police Investigation - Rape
Prior to 1937, a woman or girl was not at all considered as a human being, but only as property. She was not at all vested with any right to have any property in her name. She was not treated equally with her male counterpart. If any offence, for example, rape is committed against a woman or girl, such a woman or girl is not deemed to be a victim of a crime; if she is not married, the victim is only the father, and if she is already married, the victim is only the husband.
Read MoreIt is sufficient if the offender pays compensation to the victim, i.e. the husband or the father of such a girl against whom the rape is committed. That was the pathetic situation prevailed in those days. After 1937, the woman was vested with a limited interest in holding any property, that means she can enjoy the property in any manner she likes during her lifetime, and after that, the property reverses back to the male heir. Only in 1956, the woman was vested with an equal property right as that of the male concerning self-earned property. In 1989, the Tamil Nadu government brought an amendment thereby a woman is vested with the equal property right, whether it happens to be the self-earned property or ancestral property. Moreover, it took more than 16 years for the Government of India to bring such an Act which is applicable all over India.
The offence of rape is the gravest intrusion into the privacy of a woman. Her body is holy Temple, and if anybody invades her body, that is going to be the gravest offence like that of a Murder. This book on “Police investigation - Rape” deals with the development of rape laws, the punishments provided in those days, and the necessity for bringing so many amendments concerning rape laws, especially after the Nirbhaya case in 2013 and Kathua rape case in 2018.
This book elaborately deals with receiving complaints from rape victim without violating her privacy and human rights, registration of cases under appropriate sections of the law, conducting an effective investigation by observing all the legal and latest scientific techniques for apprehending and connecting the accused with the crime and ensuring conviction with a time-bound investigation and trial. The checklist provided in this book and the landmark judgements declared by the various High Courts and Supreme Court will be of immense help to those who are connected with the enforcement of laws. This book will be a benchmark and more of a ‘Vade Mecum’ to all the Law enforcing authorities.
Police Investigation - Murder
We catch people because no-one is ever as smart as he or she thinks. Mostly, small mistakes do not matter. However, with murder, it only takes a tiny mistake to leave a hole for someone to peer through and learn the truth. Educated people think they have an edge in cleverness, but sometimes that extra education makes them overreach and get caught.
This book elaborately deals with the various forms of “Cide” and finally the “Homicide – Murder” which is the gravest Crime so far as a Police Officer is concerned. Right from the registration of the first information report, observing the scene of crime, deciding whether the death is homicide or suicide or accidental death,
Read MoreThis book elaborately deals with the various forms of “Cide” and finally the “Homicide – Murder” which is the gravest Crime so far as a Police Officer is concerned. Right from the registration of the first information report, observing the scene of crime, deciding whether the death is homicide or suicide or accidental death, how to establish the identity of the victim or the accused, how to collect material evidences, how to employ scientific ways of dealing with murder, extracting confession, the legal procedures dealing the murder coupled with various other offences, the sentencing pattern, situations in which death penalty may be awarded to the offenders, the rarest of rare cases, the checklist for conducting foolproof investigation, the landmark judgements pronounced by various High Courts and Supreme Court etc., are dissected and detailed.
I am confident that this book will be regarded as a benchmark and best-practice model and would continue to be regarded as the ‘Bible’ for professional investigation in India.
In Tamil - Police Investigation - Murder
We catch people because no-one is ever as smart as he or she thinks. Mostly, small mistakes do not matter. However, with murder, it only takes a tiny mistake to leave a hole for someone to peer through and learn the truth. Educated people think they have an edge in cleverness, but sometimes that extra education makes them overreach and get caught.
This book elaborately deals with the various forms of “Cide” and finally the “Homicide – Murder” which is the gravest Crime so far as a Police Officer is concerned. Right from the registration of the first information report, observing the scene of crime, deciding whether the death is homicide or suicide or accidental death,
Read MoreThis book elaborately deals with the various forms of “Cide” and finally the “Homicide – Murder” which is the gravest Crime so far as a Police Officer is concerned. Right from the registration of the first information report, observing the scene of crime, deciding whether the death is homicide or suicide or accidental death, how to establish the identity of the victim or the accused, how to collect material evidences, how to employ scientific ways of dealing with murder, extracting confession, the legal procedures dealing the murder coupled with various other offences, the sentencing pattern, situations in which death penalty may be awarded to the offenders, the rarest of rare cases, the checklist for conducting foolproof investigation, the landmark judgements pronounced by various High Courts and Supreme Court etc., are dissected and detailed.
I am confident that this book will be regarded as a benchmark and best-practice model and would continue to be regarded as the ‘Bible’ for professional investigation in India.
Police Investigation – Cruelty and Dowry Death
When a study of the Dowry related offences for a period from 2001 to 2013 was undertaken, it is revealed that the conviction rate was 32.6% in 2001, 37.5% in 2002, 32.7% in 2003, 32.8 in 2004, 30.5% in 2005, 33.1% in 2006, 33.2% in 2007, 34.1% in 2008, 33.8% in 2009, 34.83% in 2010, 36.05% in 2011, 29.54% in 2012, 28.71% in 2013 and in an average 33 % was the conviction rate, and about 67% of persons involved in dowry death cases were acquitted by Courts in India. It shows the poor state of the investigation in such a sensitive social issue. Let us feel the pains of the victims of the dowry; if it happens to the kith and kin of the Police, will they be so lethargic in a casual way.
Read MoreDowry Death is a bedroom crime, committed within four walls, happens in her matrimonial home, where she is supposed to live for 75% of the rest of the life. It is committed with no witnesses, committed by her husband/mother (in-law), who are supposed to be the guardians; committed in a such a situation that all the pieces of evidence can be destroyed/removed before the arrival of the third party; and in most of the times, the accused husband will lodge the complaint with the Police, since the deceased/victim's parents will be far away and may be able to arrive only at a later stage and in that time delay, anything can be manipulated by the accused husband's side. Moreover, at times, the poor victim/wife, even after suffering at the hands of the husband will not come out against him and account suicide for her end; “kallanalum kanavan, pullanalum purusan”! - whether he is a rock or grass, he is the husband and to be worshipped! In such a situation, the investigating Police Officer is placed in a tricky situation, wherein he has to be very alert in collecting trace and circumstantial pieces of evidence scientifically and see that the guilty are punished successfully.
A Police Officers’ pride rests with the ultimate conviction of the accused and not merely on registering of the case, and promptly arresting the accused. Any acquittal of such social crime will be viewed with a stigma against the Police.
Hence, in order to aid not only to the investigating Police Officers but also to the Revenue and Judicial authorities, my profound experience in Policing and acumen in the legal field resulted in this present title "Police Investigation - Cruelty and Dowry Death".
In Tamil - Police Investigation – Cruelty and Dowry Death
When a study of the Dowry related offences for a period from 2001 to 2013 was undertaken, it is revealed that the conviction rate was 32.6% in 2001, 37.5% in 2002, 32.7% in 2003, 32.8 in 2004, 30.5% in 2005, 33.1% in 2006, 33.2% in 2007, 34.1% in 2008, 33.8% in 2009, 34.83% in 2010, 36.05% in 2011, 29.54% in 2012, 28.71% in 2013 and in an average 33 % was the conviction rate, and about 67% of persons involved in dowry death cases were acquitted by Courts in India. It shows the poor state of the investigation in such a sensitive social issue. Let us feel the pains of the victims of the dowry; if it happens to the kith and kin of the Police, will they be so lethargic in a casual way.
Read MoreDowry Death is a bedroom crime, committed within four walls, happens in her matrimonial home, where she is supposed to live for 75% of the rest of the life. It is committed with no witnesses, committed by her husband/mother (in-law), who are supposed to be the guardians; committed in a such a situation that all the pieces of evidence can be destroyed/removed before the arrival of the third party; and in most of the times, the accused husband will lodge the complaint with the Police, since the deceased/victim's parents will be far away and may be able to arrive only at a later stage and in that time delay, anything can be manipulated by the accused husband's side. Moreover, at times, the poor victim/wife, even after suffering at the hands of the husband will not come out against him and account suicide for her end; “kallanalum kanavan, pullanalum purusan”! - whether he is a rock or grass, he is the husband and to be worshipped! In such a situation, the investigating Police Officer is placed in a tricky situation, wherein he has to be very alert in collecting trace and circumstantial pieces of evidence scientifically and see that the guilty are punished successfully.
A Police Officers’ pride rests with the ultimate conviction of the accused and not merely on registering of the case, and promptly arresting the accused. Any acquittal of such social crime will be viewed with a stigma against the Police.
Hence, in order to aid not only to the investigating Police Officers but also to the Revenue and Judicial authorities, my profound experience in Policing and acumen in the legal field resulted in this present title "Police Investigation - Cruelty and Dowry Death".
In Hindi - Police Investigation – Powers, Tactics and Techniques -Vol 1 & 2
Volume 1 and 2 of this book in Hindi together constitute a single book. This book is a benchmark and best-practice model and regarded as the ‘Bible’ for professional investigation in India. For the discerning investigating Police Officer, this book may not
Read MoreAnchoring himself firmly on the ever-contested space of Indian law and legal processes, and drawing substantive support from his rich and varied experience as a law enforcement Officer in the Police Department of Tamil Nadu, India, the author, V. Sithannan (Superintendent of Police Retd and formerly Principal, Tamil Nadu Police Academy), in presenting this scholarly work, has sought to fulfill the legitimate requirements of Police Officers, advocates, judicial officers, social activists, NGOs, gender activists and the general public..
The author's utopian ideal that no innocent person should be punished and no offender should go unpunished is the dominant message of the book. For this purpose, the author has given a balanced treatment of the whole problem of crime and its investigation. The comparative chart given to aid the police officers to conclude whether death is suicidal or homicidal or accidental in all forms of death that are encountered by the police while conducting the investigation will be of immense use with scientific accuracy. Another chart provided indicating the procedural steps starting from the collection of evidence through the final analysis of the whole crime, and its commission would surely empower the investigating officers with fool-proof methods of investigation.
The citation of more than 800 landmark judgements of various High Courts and the Supreme Court for the period 1965-2016 in the appropriate chapters is another outstanding feature of the book, making it vade mecum for police officers, advocates, Law officers and Courts and also for NGOs, social activists and persons of Public Interest.
In Tamil – Police Investigation – Prostitution
Police Investigation – Prostitution is an acclaimed book on the plights of the victims of trafficking and prostitution in India. A useful guide for all the agencies enforcing the Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act. A bible for the Police Officers in the given subject.
The title “Police Investigation – Prostitution” would no doubt be a handy treatise for the guardians of law and morals. It will help them rise up to the occasion in tackling the problem of trafficking and prostitution, which had led to the rise and spread of HIV/AIDS.
Read MoreDealing with the subject with dexterity, the author Thiru V. Sithannan lists out the various laws enacted by the Government of India and the States, elaborating on the efficacy, the ways and implementation of the Acts in letter and spirit.
A current of humanism is discernible throughout the book. The author not only expresses his compassion for the victims of prostitution but is also equally concerned with their rescue, rehabilitation and honourable placement in society on par with others.
Apart from narrating the historical background and the impact of prostitution, the author has also drawn a comparative picture of the legal status of Immoral Trafficking in other countries along with the description of related instruments of Law aimed at combating this menace.
The title is a scholarly attempt at a very appropriate time when the scourge of HIV/AIDS is catching up as wild fire capable of affecting economic future of the country.
இந்திய அரசமைப்புச் சட்டம்
தமிழ்நாட்டைப் பொருத்தமட்டில், நான் அறிந்த வரையில், இங்கு ஆங்கில அறிவு கொண்டவர்கள் மட்டுமே புத்திசாலிகள் என்ற எண்ணோட்டம் பரவலாக உள்ளது. நீதிமன்றங்களில் ஒரு வழக்குரைஞர் ஆங்கிலத்தில் வாதிட்டால், அவர் என்ன கூறுகிறார் என்பதைப் புரிந்துகொள்ள முடியாமலேயே, அவர் திறமைசாலி மற்றும் புத்திசாலி என போற்றப்படுகிறார். பெரும்பாலான வழக்குரைஞர்கள் தமிழிலேயே நீதிமன்றத்தில் வாதிட விரும்புகின்றனர். ஆனால், அதற்குரிய அங்கீகாரம் மற்றும் ஊக்குவித்தல், அல்லது சரியான மொழிபெயர்ப்பு சட்ட நூல்கள் இல்லாததால், சரியான சட்டத்தமிழ் சொற்கள் கிடைக்காமல், அவர்கள் தமிழில் பேசவே தயங்குகின்றனர். வாதி, அவரது வழக்குரைஞர் நீதிமன்றத்தில் வாதிடும்போது,
Read Moreகாவல் துறையினர், வழக்குரைஞர்கள், மற்றும் நீதித்துறை அலுவலர்கள் மட்டுமே சட்டங்களைத் தெரிந்துகொண்டால் போதுமானதன்று. நம்நாட்டின் அனைத்து சட்டங்களும் சாதாரணபொதுமக்களுக்கும் தெரிய வேண்டியது மற்றும் அதில் தெளிவு கொள்ள வேண்டியது மிகவும் அவசியமாகும். ஏதாவதொரு குற்றச்செயல் புரிந்ததில், சட்டப்படி அது குற்றமென்று எனக்குத் தெரியாது; தெரிந்திருந்தால் அக்குற்றத்தைச் செய்திருக்கமாட்டேன் என ஒருவர் நிலைப்பாடு கொண்டால், அந்த பொருண்மைத் தவறு, பிழைபொறுத்தலுக்கு உரியதன்று. எனவே, சாதாரண பொதுமக்கள், சமூக ஆர்வலர்கள், நீதிமன்றத்தில் வழக்குத் தொடுக்கும் வாதிகள், சட்ட மாணவர்கள், வழக்குரைஞர்கள் மற்றும் நீதித்துறை அலுவலர்களும் சட்டத்தை முழுமையாக மற்றும் எளிதாகப் புரிந்துகொள்ள, தாய்மொழியாம் தமிழில் சரியான, எளிமையான சட்ட நூல்கள் வெளிவருவது, இன்றைய இன்றியமையாத தேவையாகும். ஏற்கெனவே வெளிவந்துள்ள சில சட்டத் தமிழ் நூல்களைப் போலல்லாமல், எவ்வித குழப்பம் மற்றும் பொருட்பிழைகள் ஏதுமின்றி, எளிய நடையில் சட்டத்தைக் கற்பதற்கு இந்நூல் வெளியிடப்பட்டுள்ளது.
இந்திய அரசமைப்புச் சட்டம் (Constitution of India) என்ற இந்த நூல், சரியான சட்டத் தமிழில் அனைவரும் எளிதில் புரிந்து கொள்ளும் வண்ணம், தற்போது தமிழ் மொழியில் வெளியிடப்படுகிறது. இந்திய அரசமைப்புச் சட்டத்தில் ஒவ்வொரு சட்டப்பிரிவுக்குமான உயர் நீதிமன்றங்கள் மற்றும் உச்ச நீதிமன்றத்தின் முக்கிய தீர்ப்புகள் மற்றும் போட்டித் தேர்வுகளை அணுகுவதற்காக தமிழில் கல்வியைக் கற்ற மாணவர்களுக்கு மிகவும் உதவிகரமாக இருக்கும் பொருட்டும் மற்றும் போட்டித் தேர்வில் வெல்வதற்கு உகந்ததாகவும், மல்டிபிள் சாய்ஸ் (Multiple Choice) என்ற தேர்வு வினா விடைகள் இதனுடன் இணைக்கப்பட்டிருக்கின்றன.
V. Sithannan
Mr V. Sithannan, a Graduate in Science, Post Graduate in Law, and PG Diploma holder in ‘Cyber Crimes and Information Security‘, having worked in Law and Order, Crime, Intelligence and Vigilance Departments of Tamil Nadu Police, and as Superintendent of Police, Tamil Nadu Police Academy and Deputy Commissioner of Police, Adyar Chennai, retired in 2012, after completion of 36 years in the Tamil Nadu Police Service and presently practising as an Advocate in Madras High Court.
He was a member of the Expert Committees constituted for drafting the 1) Tamil Nadu Police Act, 2) Tamil Nadu Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Rules, 3) All India model Police Manual and for recommending amendments to the Tamil Nadu Police Standing Orders.
He is a resource person in Dr Ambedkhar Law College, Dr Ambedkhar Law University, Directorate of Prosecution, Tamil Nadu Judicial Academy, Tamil Nadu Police Training College and Tamil Nadu Police Academy.
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